Dimensions, drill sizes and wrench sizes for 5/16-32 UNEF.
Designation
5/16-32 UNEF
Major (outside) diameter
7.938 mm · 0.3125"
Pitch
0.794 mm · 32 TPI
Pitch diameter
7.422 mm · 0.2922"
Minor diameter (external)
6.964 mm · 0.2742"
Minor diameter (internal)
7.078 mm · 0.2787"
Recommended tap drill
9/32" · 7.14 mm · ≈77% thread
Clearance hole
Close 21/64" · Normal 11/32" · Loose 3/8" - nominal + 1/64" / 1/32" / 1/16" to the nearest standard drill (common shop practice).
Hex head (across flats)
1/2"
Socket key (across flats)
1/4"
Close 21/64" · Normal 11/32" · Loose 3/8" - nominal + 1/64" / 1/32" / 1/16" to the nearest standard drill (common shop practice).
5/16-32 UNEF in numbers
5/16-32 UNEF is 0.3125 in across the crests with 32 threads per inch, a 0.794 mm pitch. The basic pitch diameter is 7.422 mm and the bolt's minor diameter 6.964 mm, so the thread is 0.487 mm deep on the bolt. Its tensile stress area is 0.0625 in², 19% more than the coarser 5/16-18 UNC at the same diameter. The nearest metric size, M8 × 1.25, is 0.06 mm larger across the crests and its pitch is 0.456 mm coarser, so the two do not interchange.
Tap drill by thread percentage
Hole = D − % × 0.0129904 × P, with D = 7.938 mm and P = 0.794 mm. A smaller hole leaves more thread; the recommended 9/32" drill above gives about 77%.
Tap-drill hole diameters for 5/16-32 UNEF at several thread percentages.
Thread
Hole (mm)
Hole (in)
Nearest drill
60%
7.32
0.2882
L (0.2900 in) gives 55%
65%
7.27
0.2861
L (0.2900 in) gives 55%
70%
7.22
0.2841
9/32" (0.2813 in) gives 77%
75%
7.16
0.2821
9/32" (0.2813 in) gives 77%
Tightening torque estimate
Target preload is 75% of proof load; torque is estimated from T = K · F · d.
Proof-load preload and estimated tightening torque for 5/16-32 UNEF by fastener grade or property class.
Grade / class
Stress area
Preload
Torque
SAE Grade 2
0.0625 in²
2577 lbf
13 lb·ft · 161 lb·in
SAE Grade 5
0.0625 in²
3983 lbf
21 lb·ft · 249 lb·in
SAE Grade 8
0.0625 in²
5623 lbf
29 lb·ft · 351 lb·in
Strengths are SAE J429 for this diameter band. J429 steps down with size: Grade 2 falls to 33 ksi proof above 3/4 in and Grade 5 to 74 ksi above 1 in, so these figures are not the small-size values. The Grade 2 row applies to bolts up to 6 in long; a longer Grade 2 bolt of the same diameter drops to 33 ksi proof.
These figures assume a nut factor of K = 0.20 (dry / as-received steel). K captures thread and head friction and can swing torque by 30% or more - a lubricated joint needs noticeably less. Change the lubrication assumption in the bolt-torque calculator.
Put 5/16-32 UNEF on a job sheet
The bolt schedule collects the fasteners for one job onto a single sheet - tap drill, wrench size, grade and tightening torque on every line, taken straight from pages like this one. Free schedules hold 3 lines and are saved in this browser only.
For a 5/16-32 UNEF thread, drill the hole with a 9/32" tap drill (7.14 mm) before tapping. That produces roughly 77% thread engagement, the usual target for a strong, tappable hole. The mating bolt has a major diameter of 7.938 mm and a pitch of 0.794 mm (32 TPI).
To pass a 5/16-32 UNEF bolt through a part rather than thread it, use a clearance hole: Close 21/64" · Normal 11/32" · Loose 3/8" - nominal + 1/64" / 1/32" / 1/16" to the nearest standard drill (common shop practice)..
All values come from the standard thread formulas (ISO 68-1 / ASME B1.1) and published standard tables. See the full reference.
Frequently asked questions
What drill size do I need to tap a 5/16-32 UNEF thread?
Drill 9/32" (7.14 mm) before tapping 5/16-32 UNEF. That leaves roughly 77% thread engagement, the usual target for a strong hole that still taps cleanly.
Is 5/16-32 UNEF a coarse or fine thread?
5/16-32 UNEF is a Unified extra-fine (UNEF) thread at 32 threads per inch, used for thin-wall parts, short thread engagement and fine adjustment.
What size clearance hole does a 5/16-32 UNEF bolt need?
Close 21/64" · Normal 11/32" · Loose 3/8" - nominal + 1/64" / 1/32" / 1/16" to the nearest standard drill (common shop practice). A clearance hole lets the 5/16-32 UNEF bolt pass through the part instead of threading into it.
How much torque should I use on a 5/16-32 UNEF bolt?
Estimated tightening torque for 5/16-32 UNEF runs from 13 lb·ft (SAE Grade 2) to 29 lb·ft (SAE Grade 8), targeting 75% of proof load with a dry nut factor of K = 0.20. Lubricated threads need noticeably less torque.
Nearest standard metric sizes by major diameter. These are substitutes by size only - the thread forms are not interchangeable, so never run one into the other.