Why 1 inch pipe is not 1 inches
Nominal Pipe Size is a label, not a measurement. NPS 1 pipe has an outside diameter of 1.315 inches, and it keeps that outside diameter in every schedule made. What the schedule number changes is the wall: at standard wall (std) the wall is 0.133 inches, so the bore comes out at 1.049 inches.
That is the practical consequence. Fittings, flanges, supports and threading dies are sized to the outside diameter, so they fit any schedule of the same trade size. Flow, pressure drop and anything that has to pass through the pipe depend on the inside diameter, which changes with every schedule. Order by trade size and schedule; work your hydraulics from the bore.
Frequently asked questions
What is the wall thickness of 1 inch standard wall (std) pipe?
0.133 inches (3.38 mm). The outside diameter is 1.315 inches (33.40 mm) whatever the schedule, so this wall leaves an inside diameter of 1.049 inches.
What is the inside diameter of 1 inch standard wall (std) pipe?
1.049 inches (26.64 mm). Inside diameter is outside diameter minus twice the wall: 1.315 - 2 x 0.133 = 1.049 inches.
Is 1 inch pipe actually 1 inches?
No. NPS 1 is a trade size, not a measurement. The pipe measures 1.315 inches across the outside and 1.049 inches across the bore in this schedule. Only the outside diameter is fixed across schedules.
How much does 1 inch standard wall (std) pipe weigh?
1.68 pounds per foot plain end (2.5 kg per metre), for carbon steel. Stainless of the same dimensions runs a little lighter, and the figure excludes coatings, linings and fittings.